Internet Applications

Overview
In this level traveler, you must climb the tretcherous IP mountain. Start by traveling up the easternside know as IPv4. Then make your way down the westernside known as IPv6. Be carefull dont stumble along the way, as it could be your last step.

Classes of IPv4 Addresses

 * Class B - Used for medium-sized networks. (College Campus) IP addresses with a first octet from 128 to 191


 * Class C - Small to Mid-size business. 192 and 223
 * Class D & E

Subnetting
The practice of dividing a network into subnetworks. All computers that belong to a subnet are addressed with a common, identical, most-significant bit-group in their IP address. This results in the logical division of an IP address into two fields, a network or routing prefix and the rest field, which is a host number or interface identifier. The rest field is computer or network interface specific.

IP Address Levels

 * IP addresses normally have 2 levels: netid.hostid


 * Can be 3 level in a bigger network


 * netid.subnetid.hostid

Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)

 * Allocation of Addresses
 * Needs to be programmed into a router

IPv6

 * Hexidecimal (Letters and Numbers)
 * 2^128 (an assload)
 * 32 IP #s per square inch of land on the earth
 * Other improvements
 * better handling of packets
 * better security through encryption and authentication services

WWW Destination (URLs)

 * Uniform Resource Locators
 * http:// - Service Type (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
 * www.____.com - domain name (host computer)
 * /____/___.html - Directory & Filename (path)

Domain Name System

 * DNS administration by ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers)
 * DNS are stored in a database

Internet Applications

 * TELNET
 * accessing remote computers
 * FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
 * to exchange files
 * SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
 * SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)
 * HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
 * A method for requesting files between a client and a server; all kinds of files
 * HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)

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